2011年4月自考英語二閱讀理解（2）

Passage Two

Questions26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

A recent study shows that sixteen out of every 100 American couoles have violent confrontations of one sort or another during the course of a year. In six of these cases there is severe kicking, biting, punching or hitting with objects. Almost four of every 100 wives are seriously beaten by their husbands. three of every 100 children are kicked or punched by their parents. More than a third of all brothers and sisters severely attack each other.

As expected, the incidence of violence is highest among the urban poor (many of them minoroties).blue-collar workers, people under 20 or without religious beliefs, families with a husband who is jobless and those with four to six children. But the study also showed that violence occurs among wealthy families as well. Indeed, the wife of a university president once quietly called Straus, one of the sociologists who conducted the study, to ask what she could do about her husband, who often beat her. Straus suggested seeking assistance from marriage advisors.

Steaus and his colleagues found out that there are various root causes that give rise to such behavior."The reason are mixed -psychological, sociological, situational," says Straus."The husband, for example, may feel under particular stress because be has been out of work too long. Violence may also be an echo of the past," Straus explains."When Mummy gives her two-year-old a slap（巴掌）for putting something dirty in his mouth, he is learning from infancy that those who love you hit you." Another reason may be the worsening economic situations."If we have a real economos decline, It's going to get worse," economic situations."If we have a real economic declines,it's going to get worse," says Gelles, one of Straus" colleagues.

These sociologists have no easy answer to violence in the American family. While they welcome such move as the opening of shelters for beaten wives and the establishment of a National Center for Child Abuse and Neglect, they belive that there must be more basic attack on vilolence,including the reduction of "macho"（大男子主義）themes on the television,the outlawing of physical punishment in schools and perhaps even the wlimination of death senernces.As Straus explains,"Volence is an acceptable solution to problems in American society,And that is how it is used in families.

26.Which of the following statements is true?

A. More than a third of brothers attack sisters in American families.

B. Almost four percent of husbands are seriously beaten by their wives.

C. Six out of one hundred couples experience severe domestic violence.

D. Six percent of American couples have some kind of domestic violence.

27.The example concerning a university president's wife shows that_________

A. domestic violence is found in well-to do families as well

B. the incidence of violence is highest among urban families

C. marriage advisons' assistance is the best solution to violence

D. domestic vilence exists regardless of age, race,and social status.

28.What Gelles says shows that________.

A. vilence is responsible for the decline of economy

B. violence may be a reflection of one's past experience

C. violence is related to the economic situation of the time

D. violence is the best form of emotional release for a husband

29.The word "outlawing" in line5 of the last paragraph means________.

A. making something illegal

B. freeing someone from prison

C. learning something from law

D. throwing someone out of court

30.According to the sociologists, it is impossible to curb domestic violence unless________.

A. more shelters for beateb wives are opened

B. children are protected by a National Center

C. violence is not accepted as a solution to problems

D. Americans get tougher with violent behaviors

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