精品91麻豆免费免费国产在线_男女福利视频_国产一区二区三区小向美奈子_在教室里和同桌做校园h文

當前位置:

2015年職稱英語考試綜合類語法解析22

發表時間:2014/9/19 9:35:56 來源:互聯網 點擊關注微信:關注中大網校微信
關注公眾號

【導讀】本文是由中大職稱英語考試網編輯整理的職稱英語相關復習內容,更多免費精選職稱英語輔導資料盡在中大職稱英語考試網,敬請關注!

下面把非謂語動詞中其他幾個重要問題用實例說明一下:

關于"不定式"作后置狀語的舉例(注意黑體字部分的表達形式):

1) She was so angry as to be unable to speak. (她氣得連話都說不出來了。)

2) I don't know her well enough to ask her for help.(我與她不太熟悉,不便請她幫忙。)

3) She was too angry to say anything.(她氣得什么都說不出來了。)

4) I'm only too glad to help you.

注意與例3)的區別:only too與happy, pleased, glad 等詞使用時,表示"非常":我非常愿意幫助你(能幫助你真是太高興了)。

5) We waited in the train for nearly three hours, only to be told that the appointment had been canceled. (only to…表示意想不到的結果:我們在雨中等了近3個小時,結果被告知約會取消了。)

6) To be fair, he has been working very hard recently.(公平地說,他最近工作一直非常努力。類似的表達方式還有:

to tell the truth(說實話), to be frank(老實說),to go without saying (不用說 / 毫無疑問) 等。

關于分詞做后置狀語的舉例 (注意括號中句子的演變過程):

1) She received an E-mail from her brother, saying that her mother was seriously ill. (她收到她兄弟發來的一份電子郵件,(郵件上)說她母親病得很厲害。= She received an E-mail from her brother, which(= an E-mail)said that her mother was seriously ill)

2) Serious infection may develop in some patients, resulting in death. (有些病人會發生嚴重感染,導致死亡。(= Serious infection may develop in some patients, which results in death.)

3) The guests entered the office, accompanied by the manager. (客人在經理陪同下走進辦公室。 = The guests entered the office, who were accompanied by the manager.)

關于"動詞不定式"的補充說明:

1) 前面講到:"動詞不定式"的完成式表示過去時,它常在以下句型中出現:

(主語)+ be said / reported / believed / supposed to have (been) done

(主語)+ seem to have (been) done

(主語)+ be likely to have (been) done

當考試時看到這樣的句型出現,首先要考慮是否是"動詞不定式"的完成式

2) 注意"動詞不定式" to與介詞to的區別,即:是to + 動詞,還是to + 名詞或動名詞(-ing)。"第二講五個基本句型"中已經提到:object to / look forward to / be (get) accustomed (used) to / be subjected to / subject to / be subjected to / be opposed to / agree to等中的to是介詞。

當考試時看到這樣的表達方式出現,首先要考慮選擇-ing形式(一般不會給純名詞形式)

關于on + ing 形式和with (without) + 分詞獨立主格結構

1)on + ing 形式:一般將介詞on + -ing形式理解為"分詞"(要有行為主體)而不是"動名詞",意為 "當…時","一…就…",相當于when 或as soon as,例如:

On hearing the news, she burst into tears. (一聽到這個消息,她一下子哭了起來。)

錯:On arriving in Beijing, it began to rain heavily. (一到北京,就開始下起大雨來了。)

由于句子的主語it并不是arriving的行為主體,該句語法不成立。可以改為:

No sooner had we arrived in Beijing than it began to rain heavily.

2) with (without) + 分詞獨立主格結構

She fell asleep with the lamp burning. (她開著燈誰著了。)

Almost every day the kids returned home with their hands and faces covered with mud and sweat.(孩子們幾乎每天回家時手上臉上都是泥和汗。)

當這樣的獨立主格結構中的動詞為 "be" 動詞時,往往省略,例如:

Every day the old teacher entered the classroom, with a poor bag under his arm. (每天,這位老教師夾著個破包走進教室。= with a poor bag being under his arm)

關于-ing和-ed形容詞

當一個動詞后面加上-ing或-ed就可以是一個形容詞,其基本概念還是-ing為主動語態,-ed為被動語態,例如:a sleeping child (一個正在睡覺的孩子),a wounded soldier (一個受傷的戰士) .

一些帶有感情色彩的動詞,由于人的感情是"被刺激"后產生的,故一般用-ed形式,而外界的刺激物則用-ing形式,例如:I was moved deeply; the film was really moving. (我深受感動;這部電影真是感人。)

the + 形容詞(包括-ed形容詞)→ 名詞(可以是單數,也可以是復數), 例如:

the wounded (傷員)/ the disabled(殘疾人)

關于現在分詞和動名詞

如前所述,現代語法并不強調現在分詞和動名詞的區別,建議學生"忘掉"動名詞,特別是應試。但記住下面的規定:

She regrets ______ idle when (she was) young. (她后悔年輕時無所事事。)

A. to have been

B. her being

C. her having being

D. having been

解題思路:1)regret后一般接ing形式,除非regret to tell / say, 故A不能選;2)當動名詞的邏輯主語與句子的主語一致時,不要再加邏輯主語了,故正確答案為D,比較:Tom insisted on my going with him. (Tom堅持要我和他一起去。)

非謂語動詞講了這么多內容,解題時始終不忘:

1) 分清過去、現在和將來;

2) 分清主動與被動;

3) 動詞不定式的完成式表示過去時;

4) 見"for"要用完成式;

5) 否定式not要放在to / -ing / -ed的前面

只要記住以上要點,非謂語動詞的解題就不會出大的問題。

編輯推薦:

2015年職稱英語考試綜合類語法解析匯總二

2015年職稱英語考試綜合類語法解析匯總一

2015年職稱英語考試綜合類備考指導:基礎語法匯總二

2014年職稱英語考試證書領取時間匯總

2014年職稱英語考試真題匯總

2015年職稱英語考試網絡輔導熱招中……

更多關注:職稱英語教材 職稱英語考后真題點評 職稱英語零基礎通關

(責任編輯:vstara)

2頁,當前第1頁  第一頁  前一頁  下一頁
最近更新 考試動態 更多>