第4部分：閱讀理解

第一篇

31．C【解析】題意：Jigme Singye Wangchuck是誰?

根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句…a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern可知，Wangchuck是一位新上任的國王。故選C。

32．C【解析】題意：除了使不丹現(xiàn)代化，Wangchuck還希望為不丹做什么?

根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句…King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern，but without losing its traditions，說明Wangchuck不希望不丹丟掉其傳統(tǒng)，而第三段第三句 They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs也說明Wangchuck推行的GNH(國民幸福總值)政策中，如果能保持傳統(tǒng)文化和風(fēng)俗則國民會(huì)更幸福。故選C。

33．A【解析】題意：一個(gè)國家進(jìn)步在GNP中體現(xiàn)為……。

根據(jù)文中第二段第三、四句The GNP measures products and money．When the number of prod— ucts sold increases，people say the country is making progress可知，GNP用商品和金錢來衡量，賣出的商品越多，國家似乎越進(jìn)步。故選A。

34．B【解析】題意：根據(jù)GNH，人民若……會(huì)更幸福。

文章第三段集中講述GNH，人們更幸福包括they have health care，education，and jobs；they live in a healthy，protected environment；they can keep their traditional culture and customs；they have a good，stable government。由此可知B項(xiàng)正確。

35．D【解析】題意：現(xiàn)在，很多國家……。

根據(jù)文章第五段第二、三句Many countries are nOW interested in Bhutan’S GNH．These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness可知，很多國家用自己的方式去衡量幸福。故選 D。

第二篇

36．A【解析】題意：通過這項(xiàng)研究科學(xué)家能夠做什么?

文章第一句For the first time，researchers have been able to hack into the process of learning in the brain就點(diǎn)明研究們者第一次監(jiān)測(cè)到大腦的學(xué)習(xí)過程，所以A項(xiàng)正確。根據(jù)文章第七段This worked even when test subjects were not aware of what they were learning得知實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象沒有意識(shí)到他們學(xué)到了什么，但是這不代表他們沒有在學(xué)習(xí)，所以B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)文章第二段Future therapies could decode the brain activity patterns of an athlete or a musician，and use them as a benchmark for teaching another person a new activity可知未來有可能解碼運(yùn)動(dòng)員或者音樂家們腦內(nèi)活動(dòng)的類型，而以此作為基準(zhǔn)來教別人新技能，所以C項(xiàng)說法錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)文章第一段It’s not quite as advanced as an instant kung—fu download，可知D項(xiàng)也是錯(cuò)誤的。故本題選A。

37．D【解析】題意：一個(gè)人在視知覺學(xué)習(xí)中學(xué)習(xí)某項(xiàng)工作時(shí)，什么能幫助他做得更好?

從第三段第二句…VPL，in which repetitive training improves a person’s performance on a parti— cular task可得知，通過對(duì)成人的視知覺學(xué)習(xí)研究，重復(fù)訓(xùn)練會(huì)提高一個(gè)人某項(xiàng)工作的表現(xiàn)。A項(xiàng)tes— ting意為“測(cè)試”；B項(xiàng)encouragement意為“鼓勵(lì)”；C項(xiàng)self—assessment意為“自我評(píng)價(jià)”；D項(xiàng)意為“重復(fù)”。故選D。

38．B【解析】題意：關(guān)于實(shí)驗(yàn)參與者下列哪項(xiàng)的敘述是正確的?

A項(xiàng)意為“實(shí)驗(yàn)參與者學(xué)會(huì)了如何控制MRI機(jī)器”，文章只有第五段第一句The volunteers were a— gain placed in MRI machines出現(xiàn)MRI machines這個(gè)詞，而本句與A項(xiàng)毫不相干，所以A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)第五段第二、三句The participants were asked to “somehow regulate activity in the posterior part of the brain”to make a solid green disc as large as they could．They were told they would get a paid bo— nus proportional to the size of this disc，but they weren’t told anything about what the disc meant可知 B項(xiàng)“實(shí)驗(yàn)中沒有告知他們要學(xué)到什么”正確，與文中說法相符。C項(xiàng)意為“他們參加實(shí)驗(yàn)會(huì)獲得報(bào)酬”，而上文的意思是他們被告知會(huì)得到與disc大小成正比的一筆獎(jiǎng)金，bonus意為“獎(jiǎng)金”，故C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。D項(xiàng)意為“他們不配合實(shí)驗(yàn)”，與文意不符，實(shí)際上學(xué)者們很順利地完成了實(shí)驗(yàn)，所以D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故選B。

39．B【解析】題意：這項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果意義重大在于學(xué)習(xí)……。

根據(jù)文章第八段The most surprising thing in this study is that mere inductions of neural active-tion patterns corresponding to a specific visual feature led to visual performance improvement on the visual feature表明人們可以觀察到大腦活動(dòng)，包括學(xué)習(xí)。這也是正是此項(xiàng)研究的意義所在。故選B。A項(xiàng)與D項(xiàng)文章并未提及，故錯(cuò)誤。

40．C【解析】題意：最有可能從這項(xiàng)研究中受益的是什么人?

根據(jù)文章最后一段It can‘incept’a person to acquire new learning，skills，or memory，or possi— bly to restore skills or knowledge that has been damaged through accident，disease，Or aging，without a person’S awareness of what is learned or memorized說明此項(xiàng)技術(shù)可以攝取或重置人頭腦中的知識(shí)、技能或者記憶等。全文都在談成年人，故A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，而B項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)以偏概全，故錯(cuò)誤。所以本題選C。

第三篇

41．C【解析】題意：WISE的特別之處是什么?

根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句…WISE has a powerful digital camera，and it will be taking pictures of some the wildest objects in the known universe…和第二段…we’re going to be seeing parts of the uni-verse that we haven’t seen before可得知，WISE最特別之處在于其小小身材卻攜帶了很強(qiáng)大的數(shù)碼相機(jī)，而且這個(gè)相機(jī)可以拍攝到我們不曾看到過的外太空。所以C項(xiàng)正確。而A項(xiàng)和B項(xiàng)的敘述不夠全面。由第七段第一句That’s a keY idea to why WISE will be able to see things other telescopes can’t可推斷出D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故本題選C。

42．B【解析】題意：WISE攜帶的相機(jī)……。

根據(jù)文章第四段最后一句the WISE camera takes pictures of features that give off infrared radia-tion和第五段第三、四句When an ordinary digital camera…receives the waves of visible light that are reflected off the tree…puts the image together可得知，WISE所攜帶的相機(jī)與普通相機(jī)不同，普通相機(jī)是通過可見光的反射拍攝物體，而WISE是通過紅外輻射拍攝照片。所以B項(xiàng)正確，C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。對(duì)于A項(xiàng)的敘述文章并未提及。故本題選B。

43．D【解析】題意：對(duì)于紅外輻射……是正確的。

根據(jù)文章第六段第一句Waves of infrared radiation are longer than waves of visible light和最后一句Although invisible to the eye，longer infrared radiation can be detected as warmth by the skin可知，紅外輻射的光波比可見光波長(zhǎng)，且紅外輻射是不可見的，但是能被感知。所以D項(xiàng)說法正確，而A、B、C三項(xiàng)的說法都是錯(cuò)誤的。故本題選D。

44．C【解析】題意：下列關(guān)于小行星的說法哪項(xiàng)是不正確的?

根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段第三至五句Asteroids，for example，are giant rocks that float through space— but they absorb most of the light that reaches them．They don’t reflect light，so they’re diffi— cult to see．But they do give off infrared radiation，so an infrared telescope like WISE will be able to produce images of them可得知小行星不反射光，卻發(fā)出紅外輻射。所以C項(xiàng)中小行星發(fā)射可見光的說法是錯(cuò)誤的。而A項(xiàng)、B項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)說法正確。故本題選C。

45．A【解析】題意：從最后一段可以推斷出棕矮星……。

通過最后一段最后一句They’re so dim that they’re almost impossible to see with visible light， but in the infrared spectrum they glow可以得知，棕矮星紅外光譜可測(cè)，證明它們發(fā)射紅外輻射，所以 A項(xiàng)正確。本段第二句These objects are“failed” stars—which means they are not massive enough to jump start the same kind of reactions that power stars such as the sun明確說明棕矮星與像太陽的供能星不同，所以B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。由本段第三句brown dwarfs simply shrink and cool down可知棕矮星并不活躍，所以C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。由本段第一句Brown dwarfs are another kind of deep—space object that will show up in WISE’S pictures可知WISE可以拍攝到棕矮星，所以D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故本題選A。

（責(zé)任編輯：vstara）

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